Most of the information about Dobroniega – Maria (in some Polish sources, Dobrogneva) [I, p. 345, n. 4] has been preserved in Polish sources. Based on the reports of Titmar of Merseburg about the Kiev campaign of Boleslaw I, the researchers believe that Dobroniega, along with her sisters and stepmother, was taken to Poland, where she lived for some time as a captive [VII, p. 81]. There is practically no information about Dobroniega in the Rus chronicles, there is only a short piece of news about her marriage to Casimir I the Restorer [IV, cl. 154-155; V, cl. 142-143]. The exact date of her birth is unknown. In historiography, there is no consensus about who her parents were. The data of the Polish chroniclers that Dobroniega was the daughter of Vladimir I and Princess Anna [VIII, p. 253] is highly questioned by researchers. E.V. Pchelov, following N. Baumgarten, suggested that Dobroniega's mother was a German princess, daughter of Kuno von Oenningen [5, p. 31-33; 7, p. 165–168], but A. V. Nazarenko criticized this assumption [I, p. 190, n. 8; 3, p. 38–39], recognizing in general the version of the secondary marriage of Prince Vladimir [III, p. 142, 191-193]. In Polish historiography, there is an opinion that Dobroniega was not a sister, but a daughter of Yaroslav the Wise [8, s. 133-139; 9, p. 398], but this hypothesis was also questioned by researchers [II, p. 173, n. 29]. There is no unequivocal opinion about the date of the wedding of Dobroniega and Casimir I the Restorer. Gallus Anonymous mentions only that Casimir married a “noble maiden from Rus” [II, p. 173]. Rus chronicles contain news of 1043 about the wedding of the sister of Yaroslav the Wise and Casimir [IV, cl. 154-155; V, cl. 142-143], while the "Saxon Annalist" refers this event to 1039 [VI, p. 229], and Jan Dlugosh - to 1041 [VIII, p. 253] Some researchers prefer the dating of the "Saxon Annalist", or even the earlier one [2, p. 177; 4, p. 27], some are inclined to 1041 [8, s. 133-139]. The year 1041 is preferable as the marriage of Vladimirovna and Casimir was supposed to seal the Rus-Polish alliance, which was necessary for the Polish king to return Mazovia [II, p. 173, n. 29]. Yaroslav's first campaign in Mazovia took place in 1041 [1, p. 247].
The consolidation of the Rus-Polish alliance by marriage led to the captives captured during the Kiev campaign of Boleslaw I being returned to Rus. Dobroniega herself, of course, remained in Poland, but in a qualitatively different status.
In later sources, Dobroniega appears already under the name Maria, so it can be concluded that she was baptized into Catholicism [II, p. 173, n. 29].
Married to Casimir Dobroniega-Maria gave birth to four sons [II, p. 173], the eldest of whom, the future Boleslaw II the Brave, after the death of Casimir in 1058, became the king of Poland. Judging by the news of the Polish chroniclers, Dobroniega actively helped her son in governing the state, especially in the first years of his reign. They also note her active religious activity [IX, p. 37, 105, 380; 4, p. 27; 6, p. 117-122]. Dobroniega received at her court the escaped Hungarian king Geza I with his family and provided everything necessary for them. In 1069, the queen's nephew Izyaslav Yaroslavich and Boleslaw's aunt Gertrude found refuge at her court as well. With military assistance of Boleslaw Izyaslav managed to return the Kiev throne for a short time. However, after the second flight from Kiev, Izyaslav was not accepted in Poland [2, p. 179].
Dobroniega died in 1087 [I, p. 345].
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